Physicists
The routine layer of this job is compressing.
A substantial share of this occupation's activities overlaps with what AI already does well. Expect the routine layer to compress first, and the human-anchored layer to gain weight and value.
Where this occupation sits among all 785 measured. Bands are quintiles of the real distribution. Applicability measures task overlap with observed AI usage. It is not a probability of job loss.
What this job involves
Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.
Where AI overlaps this work, activity by activity
The occupation's most important work activities (O*NET weights, normalized to this set), each with its measured AI performance across 200,000 real conversations: how often AI is used for it, how well it completes it, and how much of the activity it covers.
| Work activity | Share of role | AI performance |
|---|---|---|
| Develop scientific or mathematical theories or models. | 20.2% | Emerging 0.36 |
| Analyze scientific or applied data using mathematical principles. | 18.1% | Emerging 0.30 |
| Analyze environmental or geospatial data. | 15.0% | Not observed 0.00 |
| Present research or technical information. | 13.1% | High overlap 0.75 |
| Prepare proposals or grant applications. | 11.7% | Not observed 0.00 |
| Teach academic or vocational subjects. | 9.8% | High overlap 0.62 |
| Assist scientists, scholars, or technical specialists with projects or research. | 7.2% | Moderate 0.56 |
| Operate laboratory or field equipment. | 5.0% | Not observed 0.00 |
"Not observed" is a measurement, not missing data: that activity does not meaningfully appear in the usage sample. AI performance = completion × scope × coverage (user-goal view), 0–1.
What drives this score: the biggest AI-overlapped activity in this role is present research or technical information; the most important activity AI is not observed doing is analyze environmental or geospatial data. The plan below is built around exactly that split.
Move first: compress the routine before it compresses you.
Next 30 days
- Take the exposed layer yourself. Your most AI-overlapped activity, Present research or technical information, is exactly what a well-tooled colleague will accelerate. Be that colleague first.
- Time-box the routine. Measure how long your repeatable tasks actually take; that's the budget AI adoption will compete against, and the time you will reinvest.
Next 90 days
- Double down where humans hold. Grow the share of your week spent on work like Analyze environmental or geospatial data, measured as outside AI's current reach, and take on more of it explicitly.
- Build one AI-assisted workflow end-to-end for your team and own its quality. Being the local standard-setter compounds.
The longer game
- Position at the boundary. The valuable seat in partially-exposed occupations is the translator: someone fluent in both the domain and the tools. Certifications matter less than a demonstrated workflow portfolio.
- Recheck yearly. Elevated-band occupations move: new tools shift specific activities fast. The data vintage is printed at the top of this page.
Where to put your learning time
The activity most exposed to AI on this page is present research or technical information. The honest hedge is not leaving the occupation, it is owning what the tools still cannot carry: judgment, review, and accountability for the output. If you want structured practice, audit a course free before paying for any certificate.
- Full task, skill and pay profile for this occupation on O*NET OnLine Free
- Browse role-relevant courses on Coursera Partner link
Most Coursera courses can be audited free; payment covers graded work and certificates. The partner link earns this site a commission if you subscribe, at no extra cost to you, and it never changes a score, a ranking or a plan here.
- AI applicability score and per-activity metrics: Tomlinson, Jaffe, Wang, Counts & Suri, Working with AI: Measuring the Applicability of Generative AI to Occupations, Microsoft Research 2025 (arXiv:2507.07935), data CC BY 4.0.
- Occupation description and activity structure: O*NET 30.0 Database, USDOL/ETA, CC BY 4.0.
- Bands, personalization weights and action plans are JobRiskAI editorial layers; method and limitations on the methodology page.